Ducking – Definition & Detailed Explanation – Sound Engineering Glossary

I. What is Ducking in Sound Engineering?

Ducking in sound engineering refers to a technique used to automatically lower the volume of one audio signal when another signal is present. This process is commonly used in broadcasting, music production, and live sound reinforcement to ensure that the most important audio signal is heard clearly over others. Ducking can help prevent audio signals from competing with each other and create a more balanced and intelligible sound mix.

II. How Does Ducking Work?

Ducking works by detecting the presence of a specific audio signal, known as the “trigger” signal, and then automatically reducing the volume of another audio signal, known as the “ducked” signal. This is typically achieved using a compressor or a noise gate, which is set to respond to the level of the trigger signal.

When the trigger signal reaches a certain threshold level, the compressor or noise gate kicks in and reduces the volume of the ducked signal by a predetermined amount. Once the trigger signal falls below the threshold level, the volume of the ducked signal is gradually increased back to its original level.

III. When is Ducking Used in Sound Engineering?

Ducking is commonly used in sound engineering in various scenarios. In broadcasting, ducking is often used to lower the volume of background music or sound effects when a voiceover or announcer is speaking. This helps ensure that the voiceover is clear and easily understood by the audience.

In music production, ducking can be used to create a pumping effect in electronic dance music (EDM) by lowering the volume of a pad or synth sound when the kick drum hits. This can help create a more dynamic and energetic sound mix.

In live sound reinforcement, ducking can be used to automatically lower the volume of ambient noise or feedback when a microphone is being used. This can help prevent unwanted noise from interfering with the main audio signal.

IV. What are the Different Types of Ducking?

There are several different types of ducking techniques used in sound engineering. One common type is sidechain ducking, where the trigger signal is fed into the compressor or noise gate’s sidechain input. This allows the compressor or noise gate to respond to the level of the trigger signal without affecting the ducked signal directly.

Another type of ducking is key input ducking, where the trigger signal is used to directly control the volume of the ducked signal. This can be useful for more precise control over the ducking process.

V. What are the Benefits of Ducking in Sound Engineering?

Ducking offers several benefits in sound engineering. It can help improve the clarity and intelligibility of audio signals by reducing competing sounds and ensuring that the most important signal is heard clearly. Ducking can also help create a more balanced and dynamic sound mix by controlling the levels of different audio signals.

Additionally, ducking can help prevent audio feedback and unwanted noise from interfering with the main audio signal, especially in live sound reinforcement scenarios. This can help improve the overall quality of the sound reinforcement system and enhance the listening experience for the audience.

VI. How to Implement Ducking in a Sound System?

To implement ducking in a sound system, you will need a compressor or noise gate with sidechain or key input capabilities. Start by connecting the trigger signal to the sidechain or key input of the compressor or noise gate. Set the threshold, ratio, attack, and release parameters of the compressor or noise gate to achieve the desired ducking effect.

Adjust the threshold level to determine when the ducking effect should kick in, and set the ratio to control how much the volume of the ducked signal should be reduced. The attack and release parameters can be adjusted to control how quickly the ducking effect is applied and released.

Once you have set up the compressor or noise gate for ducking, you can fine-tune the parameters to achieve the desired sound mix. Experiment with different settings to find the optimal balance between the trigger signal and the ducked signal, and adjust as needed to achieve the best results.